Description
Product Characteristics: Acidic Complement C4, Basic C4, C4, C4-1, C4a Anaphylatoxin, C4A, C4A2, C4A3, C4A4, C4A6, C4b, C4B1, C4B12, C4d fragment, C4F, C4S, Complement C4 Gamma Chain, Complement Component 4A, Complement Component 4B,Complement 4d (C4d) (Acute Humoral Rejection Marker)
Cellular localisation: Intracytoplasmic vacuoles of endothelial cells and Secreted
Target Information: This gene encodes the basic form of complement factor 4, part of the classical activation pathway. The protein is expressed as a single chain precursor which is proteolytically cleaved into a trimer of alpha, beta, and gamma chains prior to secretion. The trimer provides a surface for interaction between the antigen-antibody complex and other complement components. The alpha chain may be cleaved to release C4 anaphylatoxin, a mediator of local inflammation. Deficiency of this protein is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. This gene localizes to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region on chromosome 6. Varying haplotypes of this gene cluster exist, such that individuals may have 1, 2, or 3 copies of this gene. In addition, this gene exists as a long form and a short form due to the presence or absence of a 6.4 kb endogenous HERV-K retrovirus in intron 9. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]